ABSTRACT The hydrogen is a fuel with a high energy density. Studies have sought to verify the potential of different residues and configurations of reactors in the production of biohydrogen. This study evaluated the influence of the organic loading rate on the production of biohydrogen from cassava starch wastewater (CSW) in anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactors (AnSBBR) operated in a fed-batch. In the tests, the organic loading rates of 9.0; 13.5 and 18.0 gCT L−1 d−1 were used, at cycle times (CT) of 4; 4 and 2 h (tests I, II and III, respectively). The reactor was inoculated with sludge from a pilot anaerobic reactor used in the treatment of CSW, heat treated (heated at 90°C for 15 min). With the increase of the organic load (condition I to II) with the same cycle time (CT: 4 h), there were increases in the hydrogen molar productivity (PrM) and hydrogen yield in relation to applied total carbohydrate (RMCA) and removed (RMCR). However, with the increase in the organic loading rate in which the CT was reduced from 4 to 2 h (condition II to III), there was a decrease in PrM and RMCA and RMCR. The best performance of the reactor was verified in condition II (organic loading rate: 13.5 gTC L− 1 d−1; CT: 4 h), in which the PrM was 35.8 molH2 m−3 d−1 and RMCA and RMCR were 2.24 and 3.67 molH2 kgTC−1, respectively.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of an anaerobic reactor of packed-bed and continuous flow, in relation to the biogas and methane production and the removal of organic load, from the wastewater of cassava starch extraction. For this purpose, were tested, in a reactor with a useful volume of 2.82 L and support mean of polypropylene filled with polyethylene foam, the organic loading rate (OLR) of 2.5, 5.0, 8.0 and 10.0 g L-1d-1. It was evaluated the removal of COD, the pH, the VA/TA ratio, the biogas and the methane production. It was concluded from this study that it is possible to produce biogas with methane percentages higher than 80% (maximum) and remove the organic load more than 90% under the tested conditions. In relation to stability, the reactor can be considered stable for the parameters, pH, the relationship between volatile acidity and total alkalinity and organic load removal. The best results in relation to the average volumetric biogas production (0.174 and 0.311 L g COD-1) were obtained for the higher organic loading rate (of 8 and 10 g L-1d-1, respectively) and the observed tendency is that with the increase of the organic loading rate, the specific biogas production will increase as well as the specific production of methane.

A tecnologia de pirolise e considerada promissora para conversao de biomassa celulosica. E esta revisao fornece uma visao geral de producao de bio-oleo a partir de pirolise e as possibilidades de empregabilidade comercial no Brasil. Retratando metodos de producao, modernizacao, alem da producao de insumos, como: o mercado madeireiro, a geracao de residuos agropecuarios e de residuos urbanos, que podem incrementar a producao energetica nacional, sem inferir na competicao por area e emissao de poluentes.

Pyrolysis is considered promising technology for converting cellulosic biomass. This review provides an overview of pyrolysis bio-oil and its commercial use opportunities in Brazil. Portraying production methods, modernization, as well as production supplies, such as the timber market, the generation of agricultural waste and municipal waste can build national energy production without interfering in the competition for area and emissions.

La pirolisis se considera tecnologia prometedora para la conversion de biomasa celulosica. Y esta revision proporciona una vision general de la bio-aceite de pirolisis y de empleo comercial oportunidades en Brasil. Retratando metodos de produccion, la modernizacion, asi como los insumos de produccion, como el mercado de la madera, la generacion de residuos agricolas y residuos municipales, que puede construir la produccion nacional de energia sin inferir en la competencia por el area y las emisiones.